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Sancho IV of Castile, known as "el Bravo," ruled as King of Castile, León, and Galicia from 1284 until his death in 1295. When his father, Alfonso X, died, Sancho took control of the kingdom despite his father's wishes. Crowned in Toledo, he ruled there until his untimely death. Just before passing away, he appointed his wife, María de Molina, as regent for their young son, Ferdinand IV. Sancho died in 1295, and his body was buried in the Cathedral of Toledo, fulfilling his final wishes. In 1947, historians discovered his remains in a well-preserved state, clothed in a Franciscan habit and adorned with a silver gilt crown decorated with Roman cameos and sapphires. A sword lay beside him, with an overgrown handle and a blade inscription, though only fragments survive.Dating back to the 13th century, the sword is an exceptional example of medieval weaponry. Found in excellent condition, it reflects the status of a Castilian monarch. The finely polished blade showcases outstanding craftsmanship. The cross-guard features a classic design with slightly curved arms and a lobed knob, with intricate ornamentation that includes a possible Arabic inscription repeating in a seemingly random pattern. The grip's decoration complements the rest of the sword and mirrors the symbols of the Kingdom of Castile and León, emphasizing its royal heritage. Based on the size of the grip, historians believe Sancho IV was a tall man, well over two meters in height, suggesting the sword — like the crown — may have been inherited from his father, as was customary for royalty at the time.
The pommel is intricately chiseled, displaying beautiful Arabic designs on the two circular faces, while the lateral surfaces of the cones carry repeating motifs similar to those found on the cross. Now on display at the Tapestry Museum of the Cathedral of Toledo, this striking weapon offers a glimpse into the lavish trousseau of Sancho IV, alongside his crown and pillow, preserving the legacy of a remarkable monarch.
