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The Celts invented chainmail around 500 BC, and the Romans adopted it before plate armor became common. Chain mail remained popular throughout the Middle Ages.
Chainmail chausses were the standard metal leg protection in Europe from the 9th century until the early 14th century. They offered flexible protection against most weapons, but iron plate armor gradually replaced them from the second half of the 13th century. The earliest examples date from the 9th century — including a chainmail-covered foot found in the Kyulevcha catacombs in Bulgaria. Byzantine art depicts calf-length chainmail chausses in Tokali Kilise (10th century) and Karanlik Kilise (11th century). Full chainmail chausses were presumably already in use at the start of the 9th century, spreading via the Danube or Italy — as seen in the Stuttgart Psalter. One of the most famous depictions in Western Europe appears on the Bayeux Tapestry (1066–1083), showing William the Conqueror and other knights wearing them. By around 1200, chainmail chausses were standard equipment for knights and men-at-arms.
This pair of chausses is made from 1.8 mm thick rings with a diameter of 8 mm, woven together and riveted for added security. They measure 118 cm in length and weigh 4.9 kg. Upper width is 60 cm; lower width is 46 cm.
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