{"title":"Pugiones","description":"\u003ch2 data-end=\"632\" data-start=\"129\"\u003ePugio and use in the Roman army\u003c\/h2\u003e\n\u003cp data-end=\"632\" data-start=\"129\"\u003e \u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp data-end=\"632\" data-start=\"129\"\u003eThe \u003cstrong data-end=\"141\" data-start=\"132\"\u003epugio\u003c\/strong\u003e was an essential weapon within the equipment of the Roman legionary. This characteristic dagger was part of the military belt, a sign that the bearer belonged to the warrior class. Although the pugio was often richly decorated, it was above all a functional thrusting weapon used by the soldier as a last resort in close combat. Thanks to its compact size and sturdy design, the pugio was ideal for situations where a gladius became too large or cumbersome.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp data-end=\"1052\" data-start=\"634\"\u003eArchaeological findings show that the pugio was especially popular in Northwestern Europe, particularly along the border areas of the Roman Empire. This aligns with the tactics of Celtic and Germanic tribes where ambushes, short attacks, and direct confrontations were central. The Roman soldiers adapted to this style of warfare by using a dagger that could be deployed quickly and efficiently.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp data-end=\"1052\" data-start=\"634\"\u003e \u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003ch2 data-end=\"1052\" data-start=\"634\"\u003eDevelopment of the pugio\u003c\/h2\u003e\n\u003cp data-end=\"1052\" data-start=\"634\"\u003e \u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp data-end=\"1423\" data-start=\"1054\"\u003eOver the centuries, the shape of the pugio changed significantly. Early examples were narrow and simple, while later models featured a broader blade, decorative scabbards, and luxurious grips. Some pugiones were true works of art, inlaid with enamel or adorned with bronze, indicating that soldiers wore not only practical but also prestigious daggers.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp data-end=\"1662\" data-start=\"1425\"\u003eThe scabbard of the pugio was usually worn on the left side of the belt, allowing the legionary to draw the weapon swiftly. Regardless of the variation in shape, the pugio always remained a symbol of discipline, status, and military tradition.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp data-end=\"1838\" data-start=\"1664\"\u003eIn our webshop, you will find high-quality historical replicas s of the Roman pugio, perfect for reenactment, collectors, and enthusiasts of authentic weapons from Antiquity.\u003c\/p\u003e","products":[{"product_id":"pugio-gelderland-semi-scherp","title":"Pugio Vitellius, semi-sharp","description":"\"This is based on an original from the 1st century AD found in Leuwen (Gelderland), Netherlands. This is of Scott type B and has a scabbard of Scott type A. The blade has a similar formation to the Mainz gladius type.\u003c\/p\u003e\u003cp\u003eThe grip and parts of the included scabbard are adorned with brass fittings. The steel parts are made from hand-forged carbon steel. The is 33.5 cm long, with a blade measuring 21 cm in length and up to 5.2 cm in width. Weight is approximately 0.9 kg.\u003c\/p\u003e\u003cp\u003e\u003cbr \/\u003e\u003cbr \/\u003e","brand":"Deepeeka","offers":[{"title":"Default Title","offer_id":50992905027912,"sku":"280000200","price":204.75,"currency_code":"EUR","in_stock":true}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0891\/2892\/7560\/files\/file_b936aaca-5fb2-46ac-b240-b4fc0cad17dc.jpg?v=1753429567"},{"product_id":"romeinse-dolk-dura-europos","title":"Roman dagger Dura Europos, semi-sharp","description":"\u003cp\u003eDura Europos was a fortified city established around 303 BC on the banks of the Euphrates River (in present-day Syria). Around 165 AD it was conquered by the Romans. It was a lively place where different cultures from the Roman Empire came together, and multiple places of worship have been found there. Dura Europos was excavated in the 1920s and many murals and archaeological objects were discovered. The scabbard of this dagger is based on fragments found at Dura Europos. The dagger itself was unfortunately not preserved, so the replica of the dagger itself is based on European originals from the 3rd century AD. The knife is clearly late Roman and no longer resembles the pugio, but is more similar to the knives from the Migration Period. It is made of spring steel 9260 and is semi sharp. A beautiful object for lovers of Roman history, collectors and Roman reenactors.\u003c\/p\u003e\u003cp\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e","brand":"Deepeeka","offers":[{"title":"Default Title","offer_id":51009345814856,"sku":"210002120","price":102.4,"currency_code":"EUR","in_stock":true}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0891\/2892\/7560\/files\/file_69eaa868-633e-493b-b7dc-879b4e4289ff.jpg?v=1753580650"},{"product_id":"pugio-quintanis-semi-scherp","title":"Pugio Quintanis, semi-sharp","description":"\u003cp\u003eThis dagger is a replica of an original from the 3th century AD found in Titelberg in Künzing, Neder-Beieren. Pugiones from this period have a wider blade and are often lager than older models.\u003c\/p\u003e\u003cp\u003eThis pugio is 38 cm long, with a blade of 25 cm long. It weighs 1 kg. it is made of carbon steel, with a scabbard made of steel and wood.\u003c\/p\u003e\u003cp\u003e\u003cbr \/\u003e\u003cbr \/\u003e\u003cbr \/\u003e\u003cbr \/\u003e","brand":"Deepeeka","offers":[{"title":"Default Title","offer_id":51015343702344,"sku":"216326412","price":112.65,"currency_code":"EUR","in_stock":true}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0891\/2892\/7560\/files\/file_05cb8494-af84-473f-84ee-3e72476e7c15.jpg?v=1753692135"},{"product_id":"pugio-1ste-eeuw-nchr","title":"1st century pugio, type 1, semi-sharp","description":"\u003cp\u003eThis pugio is a replica of an original from the 1st century AD. Probably this pugio was worn by a Roman officer.\u003c\/p\u003e\u003cp\u003eThe pugio is 34 cm long, with a blade of 21,5 cm long. The pugio is made of carbon steel. The scabbard is made of steel and decorated with brass Roman ornaments.\u003c\/p\u003e\u003cp\u003e\u003cbr \/\u003e\u003cbr \/\u003e\u003cbr \/\u003e\u003cbr \/\u003e","brand":"Deepeeka","offers":[{"title":"Default Title","offer_id":51015344259400,"sku":"216326405","price":112.65,"currency_code":"EUR","in_stock":true}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0891\/2892\/7560\/files\/file_b6318876-bb9f-4e9c-817d-8781518048b5.jpg?v=1753692150"},{"product_id":"pugio-pompeii-semi-scherp","title":"Pugio, type 2, semi-sharp","description":"\u003cp\u003eThis dagger is a replica of an original from the 1st century AD found in Pompeii. Pugiones like this were used all over the Roman Empire, but they weren't part of the standard equipment of the legionair. Roman soldiers probably bought them as a private property.\u003c\/p\u003e\u003cp\u003eThis pugio is made of carbon steel and has the typical shapes of a pugio from the period of Emperor Augustus, 1st century AD and 2nd half of the 2nd century AD. This dagger comes with an iron scabbard that is made after an original found in the Rhineland. The pugio is 34,5 cm long, with a blade of 22 cm long. It weighs 700 grams.\u003c\/p\u003e\u003cp\u003e\u003cbr \/\u003e\u003cbr \/\u003e\u003cbr \/\u003e\u003cbr \/\u003e","brand":"Deepeeka","offers":[{"title":"Default Title","offer_id":51015348158792,"sku":"216326415","price":81.95,"currency_code":"EUR","in_stock":true}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0891\/2892\/7560\/files\/file_45d593ef-7587-40c1-b080-056bc2c9058a.jpg?v=1753692201"},{"product_id":"gladiatorendolk-pompeii","title":"Gladiator dagger Pompeii, semi-sharp","description":"\u003cp\u003eThis dagger is a replica of a gladiator dagger found in Pompeii. Weapons like these were used in gladiatoral combat. They were likely used as a secondary weapon by the murmillo.\u003c\/p\u003e\u003cp\u003eThis gladiator dagger is 49 cm long and is made of carbon steel. The hilt is made of bone.\u003c\/p\u003e\u003cp\u003e\u003cbr \/\u003e\u003cbr \/\u003e\u003cbr \/\u003e","brand":"Deepeeka","offers":[{"title":"Default Title","offer_id":51015348683080,"sku":"216625102","price":61.45,"currency_code":"EUR","in_stock":true}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0891\/2892\/7560\/files\/file_81093004-9e35-4948-b60c-3f431ca5107b.jpg?v=1753692255"},{"product_id":"grieks-romeinse-parazonium","title":"Greco-Roman Parazonium, semi-sharp","description":"\u003cp data-start=\"0\" data-end=\"103\"\u003eA parazonium is a long, triangular, dagger-like weapon, wide at the hilt and tapering to a point.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp data-start=\"105\" data-end=\"710\"\u003eThe parazonium is closely associated with the Roman Empire, but it has older roots with the Scythians, who carried it as a symbol of authority. The Persians adopted the acinaces dagger tradition from these nomads, after which the Greeks adopted the parazonium from the Iranians. This short sword was practical in hoplite warfare, where it could be used between shields. Spartans often used short swords instead of longer xiphos, which is also reflected in the parazonium. The Romans took the weapon from the Greeks, with a scabbard similar to that of the Macedonians.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp data-start=\"712\" data-end=\"1073\"\u003eThe grip and pommel, however, were different. In the early Roman army, the parazonium served as a secondary weapon, but from the 2nd century BCE onward, it became primarily a ceremonial symbol for high-ranking officers and emperors. It was often worn under the left arm and symbolized courage and rank, as seen on the Column of Trajan.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp data-start=\"1075\" data-end=\"1439\"\u003eIn Roman visual culture, the parazonium appears frequently. Mars is depicted with it as a symbol of military power, Virtus embodies courage, and Roma represents the strength of the Roman Empire. Emperors and senior officers also carried the weapon, sometimes with a double-headed eagle shaped pommel, as in a bronze statue fragment from Lucentum.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp data-start=\"1441\" data-end=\"1665\" data-is-last-node=\"\" data-is-only-node=\"\"\u003eThis replica features a semi-sharp blade forged from 9260 carbon steel and a wooden grip. The cross-guard and pommel are made of brass, and it comes with a matching leather scabbard with brass fittings.\u003c\/p\u003e","brand":"Deepeeka","offers":[{"title":"Default Title","offer_id":51141701599560,"sku":"216327000","price":71.2,"currency_code":"EUR","in_stock":true}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0891\/2892\/7560\/files\/file_868d9c62-a731-4c06-b703-4cd6be16bc3e.jpg?v=1754985540"},{"product_id":"romeinse-pugio-publius","title":"Roman pugio Teutoburg Forest, semi-sharp","description":"\u003cp data-start=\"0\" data-end=\"504\"\u003eThis silver Roman pugio was discovered in 2019 near Haltern am See in the German state of North Rhine-Westphalia. This location is often associated with the Roman military camp at Aliso, which played a crucial role during the Roman presence in Germania under Emperor Augustus. Haltern am See is near the Teutoburg Forest, where the famous Battle of the Teutoburg Forest took place in 9 AD. Three Roman legions under Publius Quinctilius Varus were destroyed there by Germanic tribes led by Arminius.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp data-start=\"506\" data-end=\"761\"\u003eThe original pugio is richly decorated with silver inlay, indicating the high status of its owner—likely a Roman centurion. The fact that the weapon was found in a Germanic grave strongly suggests that it was taken as a war trophy by a Germanic warrior.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp data-start=\"763\" data-end=\"1048\"\u003eThis find highlights the confrontations between Romans and Germans in the first century AD. It also illustrates how Roman military objects ended up in Germanic contexts—as loot and as symbols of status. It represents the valor of Germanic warriors, who primarily fought in war bands.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp data-start=\"1050\" data-end=\"1411\" data-is-last-node=\"\" data-is-only-node=\"\"\u003eThe pugio was a Roman dagger used in combat as a secondary weapon alongside the gladius. It was also a practical tool, and politicians sometimes carried it as a symbol of office; Julius Caesar was famously assassinated with a pugio. Pugiones had a broad, leaf-shaped blade with a central rib. Later pugiones were narrower and featured a smaller central rib.\u003c\/p\u003e","brand":"Celtic WebMerchant","offers":[{"title":"Default Title","offer_id":51141702451528,"sku":"84572","price":43.45,"currency_code":"EUR","in_stock":true}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0891\/2892\/7560\/files\/DSC02971_f52ef33e-8bcb-43ab-9249-71afa29f6311.jpg?v=1760704440"},{"product_id":"romeinse-pugio-gaius","title":"Roman Pugio Gaius, semi-sharp","description":"\u003cp\u003eThe pugio was a Roman dagger, which was used in combat as a second weapon alongside the gladius. Besides that, it was particularly a functional item. Politicians also carried them as a status symbol of their office, and Julius Caesar was also murdered with a pugio. The pugios had a broad, leaf-shaped blad with a center rib. Later pugios were narrower and had a smaller center rib.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e \u003c\/p\u003e","brand":"Celtic WebMerchant","offers":[{"title":"Default Title","offer_id":51141702549832,"sku":"84571","price":43.45,"currency_code":"EUR","in_stock":true}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0891\/2892\/7560\/files\/DSC02692.jpg?v=1760622552"},{"product_id":"romeinse-dolk","title":"Roman dagger, semi-sharp","description":"\u003cp\u003eThis small dagger is inspired by originals from the Roman period. The hilt is richly adorned with classic motifs. A beautiful dagger for collectors and enthusiasts of classical antiquity. It comes with a scabbard.\u003c\/p\u003e\u003cp\u003e","brand":"Celtic WebMerchant","offers":[{"title":"Default Title","offer_id":51141702713672,"sku":"82393","price":16.85,"currency_code":"EUR","in_stock":true}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0891\/2892\/7560\/files\/DSC02617.jpg?v=1760693173"}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0891\/2892\/7560\/collections\/Romeinse_pugio.webp?v=1763903356","url":"https:\/\/www.celticwebmerchant.com\/en-sk\/collections\/pugio-roman-dagger.oembed","provider":"Celtic WebMerchant","version":"1.0","type":"link"}