1. The Basics: The Fit
Most pole weapon heads are attached via a 'shaft' (the socket or ferrule).
Important note: The wood of the shaft must fit perfectly into the metal head. If the head "dances" on the wood, any connection will eventually fail.
2. Attachment Methods by Type
Method A: The Traditional 'Nail' Method
Historically, pole weapons were often secured with wrought iron nails or rivets through the socket into the wood.
Drilling: Drill holes through the metal socket and straight through the wood.
Nailing: Preferably use a rivet or a sturdy bolt with a nut.
Riveting: Flatten the head of the nail or bolt into the metal (riveting) so it doesn't catch on a shield or target upon impact.
Method B: The 'Taper Fit' (Wedge Method)
Many spears use a conical (tapered) connection.
Clamping: The head is hammered onto the wood until it's stuck fast through friction.
Securing: To prevent the head from slipping off during a swing, a small screw or nail is often driven through the metal at the bottom of the socket into the wood as a "stop".
3. Step-by-Step Plan for a Durable Connection
Optimize the fit: If the metal head is loose, wrap a thin strip of waxed leather or linen around the wood before hammering the head on. This fills gaps and dampens vibrations on impact.
Gluing: For a semi-permanent attachment, coat the inside of the socket with a bit of two-component epoxy glue before mounting it on the wood.
Mechanical securing: Always use a mechanical connection (rivet or bolt) through the wood. Never rely on glue alone.
Locking: Make sure the nail or bolt is "riveted" on the other side (the end flattened). This prevents the nail from creeping out due to vibrations.
4. Workshop Checklist
[ ] Wood rasp/file (to shave the shaft to perfect size).
[ ] Metal drill bits (matched to the material of the head).
[ ] Rivets or bolts (metal).
[ ] Waxed leather or linen (for filling gaps).
[ ] Two-component epoxy glue.
Expert tip: A pole weapon takes a lot of abuse in use. Check the nails or bolts regularly. If you notice the head "working" (giving a slight click on impact), immediately tighten the bolts or replace the rivet. A pole weapon head that comes loose during a swing is a projectile you don't want to lose.
